460 papers
This study demonstrates that ancient human dental calculus contains identifiable dental enamel matrix proteins, such as amelogenin, thereby expanding the biomolecular potential of calculus analysis beyond diet and microbiome research to include new avenues for sex estimation.
This study reconstructs mobility patterns among Eneolithic-Bronze Age populations in the North Pontic steppe by establishing a regional strontium isotope baseline and analyzing human remains to identify individuals who migrated from the eastern or western Caspian steppes or experienced physiological stress.
By analyzing genomic data from hundreds of Australian dingoes and domestic dogs, this study reveals that human activity and climate drive variable levels of hybridization, which involves both adaptive introgression of beneficial traits and purifying selection against maladaptive ones, thereby shaping the genetic future of dingoes in modified landscapes.
This paper introduces Genomebook, a system that encodes LLM agent behaviors into a Mendelian genetic framework to demonstrate that structured, heritable parameterization enables predictable evolutionary adaptation and trait selection, unlike non-genetic baselines which converge to static population means.
This study reveals that secretion systems in the bee gut microbiome are primarily vertically inherited and evolve through recurrent gene loss rather than horizontal acquisition, suggesting their main role is mediating interbacterial interactions rather than host-specific adaptation.
This paper presents a Bayesian approach that links cross-inoculation assay data to Fisher's geometrical model to infer a multi-host fitness landscape for endive necrotic mosaic virus, revealing host permissiveness heterogeneity and phylogenetic concordance to better understand viral adaptation and establishment barriers.
This study reveals that diatom endosymbionts (spheroid bodies) are in the early stages of genome reduction with stable, shrinking genomes and unique features like the early loss of mobile elements, while exhibiting positive selection in genes related to host interaction and core nitrogen fixation.
This paper proposes a kinetic proofreading model demonstrating that environmental perturbations dynamically modulate genomic error correction to balance mutational supply and viability, thereby mechanistically explaining punctuated equilibrium and the constraints on evolutionary resilience dictated by the drift-barrier principle.
This paper proposes the concept of "additive channels"—regions in curved fitness landscapes where local curvature minimally impacts fitness variation—and introduces an "additivity index" to quantify how well linear genetic models predict evolutionary change, linking this diagnostic to a dynamical framework that explains the persistence of additive variance despite widespread gene interactions.
This paper proposes that complex chronic diseases arise from the failure of adaptive receptor expression mechanisms to maintain signaling homeostasis under chronic stress, suggesting that disease manifests only when these compensatory processes are overwhelmed.
This paper demonstrates that adaptive walks on multi-peaked fitness landscapes, such as the empirical *folA* gene landscape, can be highly navigable and reach top-ranking peaks because a low-to-intermediate fitness region with many peaks is crossed quickly due to a fitness gradient and low peak-transition probability, allowing walkers to bypass local optima.
This study adapts the deep learning software phyddle to perform ancestral state reconstruction for discrete characters, demonstrating that while it matches Bayesian inference on simple models and small trees, it offers a viable alternative for complex models with intractable likelihoods, as validated by its application to empirical datasets including Liolaemus lizards and the 2014 Ebola outbreak.
This study demonstrates that crossing remnant populations of a rare prairie forb yields significant heterosis, particularly under field conditions, thereby supporting the use of regional admixture provenancing strategies to enhance genetic variation and fitness in biological restoration efforts.
This study demonstrates that in stick insects that have transitioned to parthenogenesis, the mechanisms of X-chromosome dosage compensation and meiotic sex chromosome inactivation remain robustly conserved despite relaxed selection on males, whereas autosomal gene expression during meiosis shifts rapidly.
This meta-analysis demonstrates that evolutionary parallelism in local adaptation between native and introduced plant ranges strengthens over time, driven primarily by the alignment of divergence directions as introduced populations transition from initial drift to selection-driven adaptation.
This study introduces a novel phylogenetic comparative method to analyze trait covariation in surgeonfishes, revealing that dietary ecotypes drive body and head shape evolution while locomotor tradeoffs create a significant negative correlation between caudal and pectoral fin shapes.
This study of captive owl monkeys reveals that parents who reject their newborns, despite the lethal consequences for those offspring, subsequently experience significantly longer lifespans and produce more total offspring over their lives compared to non-rejecting parents, suggesting a potential evolutionary trade-off involving altered parental investment strategies.
This paper introduces novel linear-time algorithms to overcome previous computational limitations, enabling the creation of a fully-dated, time-scaled phylogenetic tree of 2.3 million species to significantly expand the scope of evolutionary analyses.
This study reveals that while high phenotypic plasticity evolved in *Populus balsamifera* to cope with seasonal temperature variability, it imposes a trade-off that reduces growth performance in warmer environments, suggesting that less-plastic, warm-adapted genotypes may be better suited for future climate warming.
Although limited by a small sample size of only two infected individuals, this study suggests that chronic latent Toxoplasma gondii infection in humans may increase affection for and time spent with cats, potentially supporting the parasite manipulation hypothesis that the parasite alters host behavior to benefit its definitive feline host.